Drop-hammer



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- A. R. BYRKETT.

DROP HAMMER.

Patented June 13, 1882 N. PETERS, PhomLnha n hur. Wzsmn mn. D.c.

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Patented June 13, 1882'.

N. PErERs. Phom-Lhhe ra mr. Washington. D. c,

(N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 A. R. BYBKETT.

DROP HAMMER.

No. 259,287. atented June 13, 1882.

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AHIJAH R. BYRKETT, OF TROY, OHIO.

DROP-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 259,287, dated June 13, 1882.

Application filed April 23, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AHIJAH It. BYRKETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Troy, in the county of Miami and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drop Hammers and Presses; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention consists in certain improvements, as hereinafter described and claimed, in that class of drop hammers and presses designed as a substitute for steam hammers and presses.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved device. Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a part of the device, and Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of a part of the mechanism.

The framing, as shown in the drawings, for supporting the operating mechanism consists of the upright posts or standards A, braced at top by cross-bars B, standards or posts A braced at top by cross-bars A transverse bars (3 G, to which boxes a a are secured for receiving the axles of the rollers that operate the strap E, as hereinafter described, uprights or standards F, which are bolted or otherwise secured between and to the inner faces of the bars 0, and to whose inner faces are attached angular strips of metal 1), upon which the grooved sides 0 of the hammer or die Gr slide, and a transverse bar, A, to which straps or hangers, to be presently described,are attached. The standards F extend above the bars B O to receive and support a clamping device, hereinafter described, for holding the strap in any desired position and regulating the extent of its drop.

H represents a roller mounted rigidly upon its axle, and journaled in bearings a a on the cross-bars G (l.

D represents a pulley connected with any suitable motive power (simple treadle mechanism to be operated by the foot of the workman will suflice) for rotating the roller H.

I represents a friction-roller mounted loosely upon its axle cl, and having hearings in the boxes to a on the cross-bars G 0. Upon each end of the axle d is formed an eccentric, e, in order that on turning the crank-arm f, secured to one end of the axle d, the eccentric ends will also turn and force the roller I against and into frictional contact with the strap E and press said strap against the rotating roller H. Upon the strap being pressed against the roller H the motion of said roller will be imparted to said strap and cause it and its attached hammer or die to ascend. This ascension will continue so long as the roller I presses against the strap, and until the desired altitude is attained.

9 represents a rod connected at its upper end to the crank-arm f and at its lower end to a lever, 0. This rodg has at its lower end a series of perforations, w, and the lever 0 is also provided with several similar perforations, as shown in the drawings, in order that the rod may be secured to said lever at any desired distance from its fulcrum. This arrangement is designed to provide for the wearing away of either the strap or the eccentrics in use, as on either the strap or eccentrics being worn by the constant friction to such an extent that their capacity for binding is destroyed the adjustment outward of the lower end of the rod 9 will tend to force the upper end in, and thereby cause the roller I to press more firmly against the strap. will be drawn down and the crank-armf turned about one-fourth of a revolution, which will bring the eccentrics 6 into operation and cause the roller I to move against the strap for the On depressing this lever 0 the rod g purpose above explained. Upon releasing the pressure upon the lever 0 the crank-arm f will, by means hereinafter described, return to its normal position, and the roller I will be released from frictional contact with the strap E, which will then fall and carry with it to the article to be swaged or pressed the hammer or rigidly attached by cars to its rod j, which is secured in boxes a a on one side of the standards O. The other clamp, K, is loosely mounted by cars jj on a rod, 7c, which has formed on each end an eccentric, 0, similar to the eccentrics cc on the axle d of the roller I. The ends of this rod it have bearings in boxes Z on the standards F, and are free to move therein in contradistiuction to the rigid rod j of clamp J. To one end of the rod is is attached a crankarm, m, which connects with a rod, n, and lever It, so that on pressing upon the lever h the crank-arm m and the rod will be turned about one-fourth of a revolution, thereby bringing the eccentrics 6 into operation and forcing the clamp K against the strap. This movement will press the strap firmly against the clamp J on the other side and hold it securely in position. The rod to and lever h are perforated, as shown in the drawings, at w, in a similar manner to that of the rod g and lever 0, in order that the lower end of the said rod a may be adjusted outward whenever the parts become so worn as to prevent the clamp-plate from operating. The lever h may be secured in its lower position by any suitable means, so that the operator need not retain his hold thereon should it be desired to leave the strap suspended any length of time. Fig. 4 shows in section the friction-roller I, with its eccentric axle cl 6 and crank-arm f. l 1 represent orifices for oiling the bearings.

Fig. 5 is a section of Fig. 4 on the line 5 5. The arrangement for securing the return of the crank-arms to their normal or raised positions, and the consequent recession from contact with the strap of the roller I and clamp K, consists of weighted ropes or chains secured at one end to the outer ends of said crank-arms, and passing over grooved pulleys secured to straps or hangers attached either to a joist of the building within which the machine is used or to a suitable cross-beam. In its preferred form the support for these devices consists of a framing composed of standards A A which may be either a continuation of the standards A, as shown in the drawings, or separate therefrom and secured thereto, as desired, cross-bars A and transverse bar A; but, if desired, the standards A and crossbars A may be dispensed with, and the transverse bar A supported in any suitable manner, alone used. To the bar A, I attach straps or hangers m m for supporting with capability of rotation grooved pulleys 3 4:. To the outer end of the-crank-arm f, I secure one end of a cord, 5. This cord is passed up to and over the pulley 4, and is at its other end provided with a weight, 6. Upon the lever 0 being raised, which is done when it is desired to release the roller 1 from contact with the strap, the rod 9 and crank-arm f are slightly raised. The tension on the cord 5 is thereby released and the weight 6 is allowed to fall. On its descent the weight 6 draws the cord 5 over the pulley 4, and as said cord passes over the pulley it draws the outer end of the crank-armf up, and thus releases the eccentrics c and draws the roller I away from frictional contact with the strap. A cord, 1, having at one end a weight, 2, is similarly attached to the outer end of the crank-arm m, and passes up to and overthe grooved pulley 3. This weighted cord 1, on the release of the lever h, raises the outer end of the crank-arm m and releases the eccentrics e on the rod k and draws the plate K away from the strap. By these means it will be observed that on the release of the levers the cran k-arms are automaticallyreturned to their normal or upright positions, the eccentrics are at the same moment released from their operative positions, the roller I and clam p K, or either of them, as the case may be, are released from contact with the strap, which, with its attached hammer, then descends, and the roller and clamp opera-tin g devices are then in position for being again operated.

The operation of the device is as follows: Motion being imparted to the pulley D by any suitable means, the roller H is rotated. Then, when it is desired to swage or press any article, downward pressure is exerted upon the lever 0. This will, through the medium of rod 9, cause the crank-arm f to turn sufficiently to bring the larger parts of the eccentrics e e on the axle cl into play. The roller I will thus be pressed against the strap E until the strap is pressed against the rotating roller H. The movement of this latter roller will thereby be imparted to the strap, causing it to rise upward. When the strap and its attached hammer or die has reached a sufficient height the pressure upon the lever 0 is released, and the weighted cord 5 will cause the eccentric shaft carrying the roller I to return to its normal position. The strap, being relieved of the pressure of the roller I, will descend and swage or press the article placed upon the anvil or die beneath.

Should it at any time be desired to arrest the upward movement of the hammer and suspend it in its raised position, a downward pressure exerted upon the lever It will turn the crankarm m, and by bringing the eccentrics e on rod 79 into play force the clamp K against the strap and hold it securely. On releasing the lever h the weighted cord 1 will draw the crank-arm m and the eccentric-rod back to their normal positions.

The facility with which the vertical movement of the strap may be instantaneously arrested is also especially advantageous should it happen that in the course of either its upward or downward movement some alteration in position of the article to be treated becomes necessary, or some obstruction arises to the movement of the strap and the stoppage of the motion of the strap becomes necessary. Whenever for anyreasonacessation of the movement of the strap is desired, all that is necessary to secure its instant stoppage is to press upon the lever h.

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The operation of the levers, the strap-gripping devices, and the means for securing the return of the crank-arms to their normal positions is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2.

By the form of clamping and friction devices shown an instantaneous change of stroke may be secured without necessitating the stoppage of the machine for the purpose of adjusting the device to secure strokes of different lengths or different degrees of velocity, as all that is necessary to secure such change is a pressure and release of pressure upon the levers, according to requirement.

The hammer or die can be lowered very gradually, should it be desired to have it perform the function of a press, by bearing upon the lever h just sufficiently to allow the strap to slide more or less slowly between the clamps J K, as it will be readily seen that the binding force exerted by the clamp K against the strap will correspond to the amount of downward pressure exerted upon the lever h. The drop of the hammer or die may thus be easily regulated, so that the impact of a three-thousandpound hammer shall not be of greater force than is necessary to crack a walnut, while it may, if desired, descend with impetus enough to strike a thirty-thousand-pound blow.

I am not aware of any device where the in stantaneous regulation of the vertical movement of a hammer can be secured in as easy, simple, and eflicienta manner, with so few parts composing the device, as in my construction. The machine does not require to be stopped in order to adjust it to a change of stroke. The adjustment is instantaneous, and the device is so simple in construction that there are but few parts to get out of order, and each part is of such ordinary form that it could readily be replaced whenever occasion requires.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As an improvement in drop-hammers, the combination, with the strap E and hammer or die G, and suitable mechanism for imparting vertical movement thereto, of the rigid clampplate J clamp-plate K, having eccentric axle k 0. rod n, and lever h, crankarm m, strap m, cord or chain 1, weight 2, and pulley 3, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The frame-work A B, cross-bars 0, standards F A cross-bars A transverse bar A, rotatable roller H, roller I, havin g eccentric axle cl 6, crank-arm f, rod g, and lever 0, the journal-boxes a a, strap m pulley 4, cord or chain 5, and weight 6, as and for the purpose described.

3. In a drop hammer or press, the combination, with the strap and die or hammer, of the roller H, secured fixedly in bearings, the roller I, mounted upon an eccentric shaft, the rigidlyfixed clamp-plate J, the clam p-plate K, secured upon eccentric shaft k 6, weighted cords or chains, pulleys, and suitable rods or levers for actuating said eccentric shafts, and suitable mechanism for rotating the roller H, substantially asand'for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the strap E, rollers H I, clamps J K, eccentric axles d e and k e, and crank-arms f m, of the rods g n, having forked and perforated ends, and the levers h 0, having perforations, as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AHIJAH R. BYRKEIT.

Witnesses:

CHAS. J. GoocH, L. O. YOUNG. 

